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How does environmental regulation affect economic growth? Evidence from Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration in China

Hao, Y., Kang, Y., Li, Y., Wu, H., & Song, J.

Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 66(9), 1813–1840

This study investigates the relationship between environmental regulation and economic growth using panel data from 13 cities in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region between 2003 and 2018. It finds an inverted U-shaped relationship, with energy intensity and industrial structure acting as key transmission mechanisms.